/* Copyright 1986-1992 Emmet P. Gray.
* Copyright 1994,1996-2009 Alain Knaff.
* This file is part of mtools.
*
* Mtools is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* Mtools is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with Mtools. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*
* mformat.c
*/
#define DONT_NEED_WAIT
#include "sysincludes.h"
#include "msdos.h"
#include "mtools.h"
#include "mainloop.h"
#include "fsP.h"
#include "file.h"
#include "plain_io.h"
#include "floppyd_io.h"
#include "nameclash.h"
#include "buffer.h"
#ifdef HAVE_ASSERT_H
#include <assert.h>
#endif
#ifdef USE_XDF
#include "xdf_io.h"
#endif
#include "partition.h"
#include "file_name.h"
#ifndef abs
#define abs(x) ((x)>0?(x):-(x))
#endif
#ifdef OS_linux
#include "linux/hdreg.h"
#define _LINUX_STRING_H_
#define kdev_t int
#include "linux/fs.h"
#undef _LINUX_STRING_H_
#endif
static int init_geometry_boot(union bootsector *boot, struct device *dev,
uint8_t sectors0,
uint8_t rate_0, uint8_t rate_any,
unsigned long *tot_sectors, int keepBoot)
{
int nb_renum;
int sector2;
int sum;
set_word(boot->boot.nsect, dev->sectors);
set_word(boot->boot.nheads, dev->heads);
#ifdef HAVE_ASSERT_H
assert(*tot_sectors != 0);
#endif
if (*tot_sectors <= UINT16_MAX){
set_word(boot->boot.psect, (uint16_t) *tot_sectors);
set_dword(boot->boot.bigsect, 0);
} else if(*tot_sectors <= UINT32_MAX){
set_word(boot->boot.psect, 0);
set_dword(boot->boot.bigsect, (uint32_t) *tot_sectors);
} else {
fprintf(stderr, "Too many sectors %ld\n", *tot_sectors);
exit(1);
}
if (dev->use_2m & 0x7f){
int bootOffset;
uint8_t j;
uint8_t size2;
uint16_t i;
strncpy(boot->boot.banner, "2M-STV04", 8);
boot->boot.ext.old.res_2m = 0;
boot->boot.ext.old.fmt_2mf = 6;
if ( dev->sectors % ( ((1 << dev->ssize) + 3) >> 2 ))
boot->boot.ext.old.wt = 1;
else
boot->boot.ext.old.wt = 0;
boot->boot.ext.old.rate_0= rate_0;
boot->boot.ext.old.rate_any= rate_any;
if (boot->boot.ext.old.rate_any== 2 )
boot->boot.ext.old.rate_any= 1;
i=76;
/* Infp0 */
set_word(boot->boot.ext.old.Infp0, i);
boot->bytes[i++] = sectors0;
boot->bytes[i++] = 108;
for(j=1; j<= sectors0; j++)
boot->bytes[i++] = j;
set_word(boot->boot.ext.old.InfpX, i);
boot->bytes[i++] = 64;
boot->bytes[i++] = 3;
nb_renum = i++;
sector2 = dev->sectors;
size2 = dev->ssize;
j=1;
while( sector2 ){
while ( sector2 < (1 << size2) >> 2 )
size2--;
boot->bytes[i++] = 128 + j;
boot->bytes[i++] = j++;
boot->bytes[i++] = size2;
sector2 -= (1 << size2) >> 2;
}
boot->bytes[nb_renum] = ( i - nb_renum - 1 ) / 3;
set_word(boot->boot.ext.old.InfTm, i);
sector2 = dev->sectors;
size2= dev->ssize;
while(sector2){
while ( sector2 < 1 << ( size2 - 2) )
size2--;
boot->bytes[i++] = size2;
sector2 -= 1 << (size2 - 2 );
}
set_word(boot->boot.ext.old.BootP,i);
bootOffset = i;
/* checksum */
for (sum=0, j=64; j<i; j++)
sum += boot->bytes[j];/* checksum */
boot->boot.ext.old.CheckSum=-sum;
return bootOffset;
} else {
if(!keepBoot) {
boot->boot.jump[0] = 0xeb;
boot->boot.jump[1] = 0;
boot->boot.jump[2] = 0x90;
strncpy(boot->boot.banner, mformat_banner, 8);
/* It looks like some versions of DOS are
* rather picky about this, and assume default
* parameters without this, ignoring any
* indication about cluster size et al. */
}
return 0;
}
}
static int comp_fat_bits(Fs_t *Fs, int estimate,
unsigned long tot_sectors, int fat32)
{
int needed_fat_bits;
needed_fat_bits = 12;
#define MAX_DISK_SIZE(bits,clusters) \
TOTAL_DISK_SIZE((bits), Fs->sector_size, (clusters), \
Fs->num_fat, MAX_BYTES_PER_CLUSTER/Fs->sector_size)
if(tot_sectors > MAX_DISK_SIZE(12, FAT12-1))
needed_fat_bits = 16;
if(fat32 || tot_sectors > MAX_DISK_SIZE(16, FAT16-1))
needed_fat_bits = 32;
#undef MAX_DISK_SIZE
if(abs(estimate) && abs(estimate) < needed_fat_bits) {
if(fat32) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Contradiction between FAT size on command line and FAT size in conf file\n");
exit(1);
}
fprintf(stderr,
"Device too big for a %d bit FAT\n",
estimate);
exit(1);
}
if(!estimate) {
unsigned int min_fat16_size;
if(needed_fat_bits > 12)
return needed_fat_bits;
min_fat16_size = DISK_SIZE(16, Fs->sector_size, FAT12,
Fs->num_fat, 1);
if(tot_sectors < min_fat16_size)
return 12;
else if(Fs->cluster_size == 0 &&
tot_sectors >= 2* min_fat16_size)
return 16; /* heuristics */
}
return estimate;
}
/*
* According to Microsoft "Hardware White Paper", "Microsoft
* Extensible Formware Initiative", "FAT32 File System Specification",
* Version 1.03, December 6, 2000:
* If (CountofClusters < 4085) { // 0x0ff5
* // Volume is FAT12
* } else if (CountofClusters < 65525) { // 0xfff5
* // Volume is FAT16
* } else {
* //Volume is FAT32
* }
*
* This document can be found at the following URL:
* https://staff.washington.edu/dittrich/misc/fatgen103.pdf
* The relevant passus is on page 15.
*
* Actually, experimentations with Windows NT 4 show that the
* cutoff is 4087 rather than 4085... This is Microsoft after all.
* Not sure what the other Microsoft OS'es do though...
*/
static void calc_fat_bits2(Fs_t *Fs, unsigned long tot_sectors, int fat_bits,
int may_change_cluster_size,
int may_change_root_size)
{
unsigned long rem_sect;
/*
* the "remaining sectors" after directory and boot
* hasve been accounted for.
*/
rem_sect = tot_sectors - Fs->dir_len - Fs->fat_start;
switch(abs(fat_bits)) {
case 0:
#define MY_DISK_SIZE(bits,clusters) \
DISK_SIZE( (bits), Fs->sector_size, (clusters), \
Fs->num_fat, Fs->cluster_size)
if(rem_sect >= MY_DISK_SIZE(16, FAT12+2))
/* big enough for FAT16
* We take a margin of 2, because NT4
* misbehaves, and starts considering a disk
* as FAT16 only if it is larger than 4086
* sectors, rather than 4084 as it should
*/
set_fat16(Fs);
else if(rem_sect <= MY_DISK_SIZE(12, FAT12-1))
/* small enough for FAT12 */
set_fat12(Fs);
else {
/* "between two chairs",
* augment cluster size, and
* settle it */
if(may_change_cluster_size &&
Fs->cluster_size * Fs->sector_size * 2
<= MAX_BYTES_PER_CLUSTER)
Fs->cluster_size <<= 1;
else if(may_change_root_size) {
Fs->dir_len +=
rem_sect - MY_DISK_SIZE(12, FAT12-1);
}
set_fat12(Fs);
}
break;
#undef MY_DISK_SIZE
case 12:
set_fat12(Fs);
break;
case 16:
set_fat16(Fs);
break;
case 32:
set_fat32(Fs);
break;
}
}
static __inline__ void format_root(Fs_t *Fs, char *label, union bootsector *boot)
{
Stream_t *RootDir;
char *buf;
unsigned int i;
struct ClashHandling_t ch;
unsigned int dirlen;
init_clash_handling(&ch);
ch.name_converter = label_name_uc;
ch.ignore_entry = -2;
buf = safe_malloc(Fs->sector_size);
RootDir = OpenRoot((Stream_t *)Fs);
if(!RootDir){
fprintf(stderr,"Could not open root directory\n");
exit(1);
}
memset(buf, '\0', Fs->sector_size);
if(Fs->fat_bits == 32) {
/* on a FAT32 system, we only write one sector,
* as the directory can be extended at will...*/
dirlen = Fs->cluster_size;
fatAllocate(Fs, Fs->rootCluster, Fs->end_fat);
} else
dirlen = Fs->dir_len;
for (i = 0; i < dirlen; i++)
WRITES(RootDir, buf, sectorsToBytes((Stream_t*)Fs, i),
Fs->sector_size);
ch.ignore_entry = 1;
if(label[0])
mwrite_one(RootDir,label, 0, labelit, NULL,&ch);
FREE(&RootDir);
if(Fs->fat_bits == 32)
set_word(boot->boot.dirents, 0);
else
set_word(boot->boot.dirents, Fs->dir_len * (Fs->sector_size / 32));
free(buf);
}
#ifdef USE_XDF
static void xdf_calc_fat_size(Fs_t *Fs, unsigned long tot_sectors,
int fat_bits)
{
unsigned int rem_sect;
rem_sect = tot_sectors - Fs->dir_len - Fs->fat_start - 2 * Fs->fat_len;
if(Fs->fat_len) {
/* an XDF disk, we know the fat_size and have to find
* out the rest. We start with a cluster size of 1 and
* keep doubling until everything fits into the
* FAT. This will occur eventually, as our FAT has a
* minimal size of 1 */
for(Fs->cluster_size = 1; 1 ; Fs->cluster_size <<= 1) {
Fs->num_clus = rem_sect / Fs->cluster_size;
if(abs(fat_bits) == 16 || Fs->num_clus >= FAT12)
set_fat16(Fs);
else
set_fat12(Fs);
if (Fs->fat_len >= NEEDED_FAT_SIZE(Fs))
return;
}
}
fprintf(stderr,"Internal error while calculating Xdf fat size\n");
exit(1);
}
#endif
static void calc_fat_size(Fs_t *Fs, unsigned long tot_sectors)
{
unsigned long rem_sect;
unsigned long real_rem_sect;
unsigned long numerator;
unsigned long denominator;
unsigned int fat_nybbles;
unsigned int slack;
int printGrowMsg=1; /* Should we print "growing FAT" messages ?*/
#ifdef DEBUG
fprintf(stderr, "Fat start=%d\n", Fs->fat_start);
fprintf(stderr, "tot_sectors=%lu\n", tot_sectors);
fprintf(stderr, "dir_len=%d\n", Fs->dir_len);
#endif
real_rem_sect = rem_sect = tot_sectors - Fs->dir_len - Fs->fat_start;
/* Cheat a little bit to address the _really_ common case of
odd number of remaining sectors while both nfat and cluster size
are even... */
if(rem_sect %2 == 1 &&
Fs->num_fat %2 == 0 &&
Fs->cluster_size %2 == 0)
rem_sect--;
#ifdef DEBUG
fprintf(stderr, "Rem sect=%lu\n", rem_sect);
#endif
if(Fs->fat_bits == 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Weird, fat bits = 0\n");
exit(1);
}
/* See fat_size_calculation.tex or
(http://ftp.gnu.org/software/mtools/manual/fat_size_calculation.pdf)
for an explantation about why the stuff below works...
*/
fat_nybbles = Fs->fat_bits / 4;
numerator = rem_sect+2*Fs->cluster_size;
denominator =
Fs->cluster_size * Fs->sector_size * 2 +
Fs->num_fat * fat_nybbles;
if(fat_nybbles == 3)
numerator *= fat_nybbles;
else
/* Avoid numerical overflows, divide the denominator
* rather than multiplying the numerator */
denominator = denominator / fat_nybbles;
#ifdef DEBUG
fprintf(stderr, "Numerator=%lu denominator=%lu\n",
numerator, denominator);
#endif
Fs->fat_len = (numerator-1)/denominator+1;
Fs->num_clus = (rem_sect-(Fs->fat_len*Fs->num_fat))/Fs->cluster_size;
/* Apply upper bounds for FAT bits */
if(Fs->fat_bits == 16 && Fs->num_clus >= FAT16)
Fs->num_clus = FAT16-1;
if(Fs->fat_bits == 12 && Fs->num_clus >= FAT12)
Fs->num_clus = FAT12-1;
/* A safety, if above math is correct, this should not be happen...*/
if(Fs->num_clus > (Fs->fat_len * Fs->sector_size * 2 /
fat_nybbles - 2)) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Fat size miscalculation, shrinking num_clus from %d ",
Fs->num_clus);
Fs->num_clus = (Fs->fat_len * Fs->sector_size * 2 /
fat_nybbles - 2);
fprintf(stderr, " to %d\n", Fs->num_clus);
}
#ifdef DEBUG
fprintf(stderr, "Num_clus=%d fat_len=%d nybbles=%d\n",
Fs->num_clus, Fs->fat_len, fat_nybbles);
#endif
if ( Fs->num_clus < FAT16 && Fs->fat_bits > 16 ){
fprintf(stderr,"Too few clusters for this fat size."
" Please choose a 16-bit fat in your /etc/mtools.conf"
" or .mtoolsrc file\n");
exit(1);
}
/* As the number of clusters is specified nowhere in the boot sector,
* it will be calculated by removing everything else from total number
* of sectors. This means that if we reduced the number of clusters
* above, we will have to grow the FAT in order to take up any excess
* sectors... */
#ifdef HAVE_ASSERT_H
assert(rem_sect >= Fs->num_clus * Fs->cluster_size +
Fs->fat_len * Fs->num_fat);
#endif
slack = rem_sect -
Fs->num_clus * Fs->cluster_size -
Fs->fat_len * Fs->num_fat;
if(slack >= Fs->cluster_size) {
/* This can happen under two circumstances:
1. We had to reduce num_clus because we reached maximum
number of cluster for FAT12 or FAT16
*/
if(printGrowMsg) {
fprintf(stderr, "Slack=%d\n", slack);
fprintf(stderr, "Growing fat size from %d",
Fs->fat_len);
}
Fs->fat_len +=
(slack - Fs->cluster_size) / Fs->num_fat + 1;
if(printGrowMsg) {
fprintf(stderr,
" to %d in order to take up excess cluster area\n",
Fs->fat_len);
}
Fs->num_clus = (rem_sect-(Fs->fat_len*Fs->num_fat))/
Fs->cluster_size;
}
#ifdef HAVE_ASSERT_H
/* Fat must be big enough for all clusters */
assert( ((Fs->num_clus+2) * fat_nybbles) <=
(Fs->fat_len*Fs->sector_size*2));
/* num_clus must be big enough to cover rest of disk, or else further
* users of the filesystem will assume a bigger num_clus, which might
* be too big for fat_len */
assert(Fs->num_clus ==
(real_rem_sect - Fs->num_fat * Fs->fat_len) / Fs->cluster_size);
#endif
}
static unsigned char bootprog[]=
{0xfa, 0x31, 0xc0, 0x8e, 0xd8, 0x8e, 0xc0, 0xfc, 0xb9, 0x00, 0x01,
0xbe, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xbf, 0x00, 0x80, 0xf3, 0xa5, 0xea, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x08, 0xb8, 0x01, 0x02, 0xbb, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xba, 0x80, 0x00,
0xb9, 0x01, 0x00, 0xcd, 0x13, 0x72, 0x05, 0xea, 0x00, 0x7c, 0x00,
0x00, 0xcd, 0x19};
static __inline__ void inst_boot_prg(union bootsector *boot, int offset)
{
memcpy((char *) boot->boot.jump + offset,
(char *) bootprog, sizeof(bootprog) /sizeof(bootprog[0]));
if(offset - 2 < 0x80) {
/* short jump */
boot->boot.jump[0] = 0xeb;
boot->boot.jump[1] = offset -2;
boot->boot.jump[2] = 0x90;
} else {
/* long jump, if offset is too large */
boot->boot.jump[0] = 0xe9;
boot->boot.jump[1] = offset -3;
boot->boot.jump[2] = 0x00;
}
set_word(boot->boot.jump + offset + 20, offset + 24);
}
static void calc_cluster_size(struct Fs_t *Fs, unsigned long tot_sectors,
int fat_bits)
{
unsigned int max_clusters; /* maximal possible number of sectors for
* this FAT entry length (12/16/32) */
unsigned int max_fat_size; /* maximal size of the FAT for this FAT
* entry length (12/16/32) */
unsigned int rem_sect; /* remaining sectors after we accounted for
* the root directory and boot sector(s) */
switch(abs(fat_bits)) {
case 12:
max_clusters = FAT12-1;
max_fat_size = Fs->num_fat *
FAT_SIZE(12, Fs->sector_size, max_clusters);
break;
case 16:
case 0: /* still hesititating between 12 and 16 */
max_clusters = FAT16-1;
max_fat_size = Fs->num_fat *
FAT_SIZE(16, Fs->sector_size, max_clusters);
break;
case 32:
/*
FAT32 cluster sizes for disks with 512 block size
according to Microsoft specification fatgen103.doc:
32.5 MB - 260 MB cluster_size = 1
260 MB - 8 GB cluster_size = 8
8 GB - 16 GB cluster_size = 16
16 GB - 32 GB cluster_size = 32
32 GB - 2 TB cluster_size = 64
Below calculation is generalized and does not depend
on 512 block size.
*/
Fs->cluster_size = tot_sectors > 32*1024*1024*2 ? 64 :
tot_sectors > 16*1024*1024*2 ? 32 :
tot_sectors > 8*1024*1024*2 ? 16 :
tot_sectors > 260*1024*2 ? 8 : 1;
return;
default:
fprintf(stderr,"Bad fat size\n");
exit(1);
}
if(tot_sectors <= Fs->fat_start + Fs->num_fat + Fs->dir_len) {
/* we need at least enough sectors to fit boot, fat and root
* dir */
fprintf(stderr, "Not enough sectors\n");
exit(1);
}
rem_sect = tot_sectors - Fs->dir_len - Fs->fat_start;
/* double the cluster size until we can fill up the disk with
* the maximal number of sectors of this size */
while(Fs->cluster_size * max_clusters + max_fat_size < rem_sect) {
if(Fs->cluster_size > 64) {
/* bigger than 64. Should fit */
fprintf(stderr,
"Internal error while calculating cluster size\n");
exit(1);
}
Fs->cluster_size <<= 1;
}
}
static int old_dos_size_to_geom(size_t size,
unsigned int *cyls,
unsigned short *heads,
unsigned short *sects)
{
struct OldDos_t *params = getOldDosBySize(size);
if(params != NULL) {
*cyls = params->tracks;
*heads = params->heads;
*sects = params->sectors;
return 0;
} else
return 1;
}
static void calc_fs_parameters(struct device *dev, unsigned long tot_sectors,
struct Fs_t *Fs, union bootsector *boot)
{
struct OldDos_t *params=NULL;
if(dev->fat_bits == 0 || abs(dev->fat_bits) == 12)
params = getOldDosByParams(dev->tracks,dev->heads,dev->sectors,
Fs->dir_len, Fs->cluster_size);
if(params != NULL) {
boot->boot.descr = params->media;
Fs->cluster_size = params->cluster_size;
Fs->dir_len = params->dir_len;
Fs->fat_len = params->fat_len;
Fs->fat_bits = 12;
} else {
int may_change_cluster_size = (Fs->cluster_size == 0);
int may_change_root_size = (Fs->dir_len == 0);
/* a non-standard format */
if(DWORD(nhs) || tot_sectors % (dev->sectors * dev->heads))
boot->boot.descr = 0xf8;
else
boot->boot.descr = 0xf0;
if(!Fs->cluster_size) {
if (dev->heads == 1)
Fs->cluster_size = 1;
else {
Fs->cluster_size = (tot_sectors > 2000 ) ? 1:2;
if (dev->use_2m & 0x7f)
Fs->cluster_size = 1;
}
}
if(!Fs->dir_len) {
if (dev->heads == 1)
Fs->dir_len = 4;
else
Fs->dir_len = (tot_sectors > 2000) ? 32 : 7;
}
calc_cluster_size(Fs, tot_sectors, dev->fat_bits);
#ifdef USE_XDF
if(Fs->fat_len)
xdf_calc_fat_size(Fs, tot_sectors, dev->fat_bits);
else
#endif
{
calc_fat_bits2(Fs, tot_sectors, dev->fat_bits,
may_change_cluster_size,
may_change_root_size);
calc_fat_size(Fs, tot_sectors);
}
}
set_word(boot->boot.fatlen, Fs->fat_len);
}
static void calc_fs_parameters_32(unsigned long tot_sectors,
struct Fs_t *Fs, union bootsector *boot)
{
unsigned long num_clus;
if(DWORD(nhs))
boot->boot.descr = 0xf8;
else
boot->boot.descr = 0xf0;
if(!Fs->cluster_size)
calc_cluster_size(Fs, tot_sectors, 32);
Fs->dir_len = 0;
num_clus = tot_sectors / Fs->cluster_size;
/* Maximal number of clusters on FAT32 is 0xffffff6 */
if (num_clus > 0xffffff6) {
fprintf(stderr, "Too many clusters\n");
exit(1);
}
Fs->num_clus = (unsigned int) num_clus;
set_fat32(Fs);
calc_fat_size(Fs, tot_sectors);
set_word(boot->boot.fatlen, 0);
set_dword(boot->boot.ext.fat32.bigFat, Fs->fat_len);
}
static void usage(int ret) NORETURN;
static void usage(int ret)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"Mtools version %s, dated %s\n", mversion, mdate);
fprintf(stderr,
"Usage: %s [-V] [-t tracks] [-h heads] [-n sectors] "
"[-v label] [-1] [-4] [-8] [-f size] "
"[-N serialnumber] "
"[-k] [-B bootsector] [-r root_dir_len] [-L fat_len] "
"[-F] [-I fsVersion] [-C] [-c cluster_size] "
"[-H hidden_sectors] "
#ifdef USE_XDF
"[-X] "
#endif
"[-S hardsectorsize] [-M softsectorsize] [-3] "
"[-2 track0sectors] [-0 rate0] [-A rateany] [-a]"
"device\n", progname);
exit(ret);
}
#ifdef OS_linux
static int get_sector_size(int fd, char *errmsg) {
int sec_size;
if (ioctl(fd, BLKSSZGET, &sec_size) != 0 || sec_size <= 0) {
sprintf(errmsg, "Could not get sector size of device (%s)",
strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
/* Cap sector size at 4096 */
if(sec_size > 4096)
sec_size = 4096;
return sec_size;
}
static int get_block_geom(int fd, struct device *dev, char *errmsg) {
struct hd_geometry geom;
int sec_size;
long size;
uint16_t heads=dev->heads;
uint16_t sectors=dev->sectors;
unsigned int sect_per_track;
if (ioctl(fd, HDIO_GETGEO, &geom) < 0) {
sprintf(errmsg, "Could not get geometry of device (%s)",
strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE, &size) < 0) {
sprintf(errmsg, "Could not get size of device (%s)",
strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
sec_size = get_sector_size(fd, errmsg);
if(sec_size < 0)
return -1;
dev->ssize = 0;
while (dev->ssize < 0x7F && (128 << dev->ssize) < sec_size)
dev->ssize++;
if(!heads)
heads = geom.heads;
if(!sectors)
sectors = geom.sectors;
sect_per_track = heads * sectors;
if(!dev->hidden) {
unsigned long hidden;
hidden = geom.start % sect_per_track;
if(hidden && hidden != sectors) {
sprintf(errmsg,
"Hidden (%ld) does not match sectors (%d)\n",
hidden, sectors);
return -1;
}
dev->hidden = hidden;
}
dev->heads = heads;
dev->sectors = sectors;
if(!dev->tracks)
dev->tracks = (size + dev->hidden % sect_per_track) / sect_per_track;
return 0;
}
#endif
static int get_lba_geom(Stream_t *Direct, unsigned long tot_sectors, struct device *dev, char *errmsg) {
int sect_per_track;
unsigned long tracks;
/* if one value is already specified we do not want to overwrite it */
if (dev->heads || dev->sectors || dev->tracks) {
sprintf(errmsg, "Number of heads or sectors or tracks was already specified");
return -1;
}
if (!tot_sectors) {
#ifdef OS_linux
int fd;
int sec_size;
long size;
struct MT_STAT stbuf;
fd = get_fd(Direct);
if (MT_FSTAT(fd, &stbuf) < 0) {
sprintf(errmsg, "Could not stat file (%s)", strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
if (S_ISBLK(stbuf.st_mode)) {
if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE, &size) != 0) {
sprintf(errmsg, "Could not get size of device (%s)",
strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
sec_size = get_sector_size(fd, errmsg);
if(sec_size < 0)
return -1;
if (!(dev->ssize & 0x80)) {
dev->ssize = 0;
while (dev->ssize < 0x7F && (128 << dev->ssize) < sec_size)
dev->ssize++;
}
if ((dev->ssize & 0x7f) > 2)
tot_sectors = size >> ((dev->ssize & 0x7f) - 2);
else
tot_sectors = size << (2 - (dev->ssize & 0x7f));
} else if (S_ISREG(stbuf.st_mode)) {
tot_sectors = stbuf.st_size >> ((dev->ssize & 0x7f) + 7);
} else {
sprintf(errmsg, "Could not get size of device (%s)",
"No method available");
return -1;
}
#else
mt_size_t size;
GET_DATA(Direct, 0, &size, 0, 0);
if (size == 0) {
sprintf(errmsg, "Could not get size of device (%s)",
"No method available");
return -1;
}
tot_sectors = size >> ((dev->ssize & 0x7f) + 7);
#endif
}
dev->sectors = 63;
if (tot_sectors < 16*63*1024)
dev->heads = 16;
else if (tot_sectors < 32*63*1024)
dev->heads = 32;
else if (tot_sectors < 64*63*1024)
dev->heads = 64;
else if (tot_sectors < 128*63*1024)
dev->heads = 128;
else
dev->heads = 255;
sect_per_track = dev->heads * dev->sectors;
tracks = (tot_sectors + dev->hidden % sect_per_track) / sect_per_track;
if (tracks > 0xFFFFFFFF) {
sprintf(errmsg, "Device is too big, it has too many tracks");
return -1;
}
dev->tracks = (uint32_t) tracks;
return 0;
}
void mformat(int argc, char **argv, int dummy UNUSEDP) NORETURN;
void mformat(int argc, char **argv, int dummy UNUSEDP)
{
int r; /* generic return value */
Fs_t Fs;
unsigned int hs;
int hs_set;
unsigned int arguse_2m = 0;
uint8_t sectors0=18; /* number of sectors on track 0 */
int create = 0;
uint8_t rate_0, rate_any;
int mangled;
uint8_t argssize=0; /* sector size */
int msize=0;
int fat32 = 0;
struct label_blk_t *labelBlock;
int bootOffset;
#ifdef USE_XDF
unsigned int i;
int format_xdf = 0;
struct xdf_info info;
#endif
union bootsector boot;
char *bootSector=0;
int c;
int keepBoot = 0;
struct device used_dev;
unsigned int argtracks;
uint16_t argheads, argsectors;
unsigned long tot_sectors=0;
int blocksize;
char drive, name[EXPAND_BUF];
char label[VBUFSIZE];
dos_name_t shortlabel;
struct device *dev;
char errmsg[2100];
uint32_t serial;
int serial_set;
int fsVersion;
int mediaDesc=-1;
mt_size_t maxSize;
int Atari = 0; /* should we add an Atari-style serial number ? */
unsigned int backupBoot = 6;
int backupBootSet = 0;
unsigned int resvSects = 0;
char *endptr;
hs = hs_set = 0;
argtracks = 0;
argheads = 0;
argsectors = 0;
arguse_2m = 0;
argssize = 0x2;
label[0] = '\0';
serial_set = 0;
serial = 0;
fsVersion = 0;
Fs.cluster_size = 0;
Fs.refs = 1;
Fs.dir_len = 0;
if(getenv("MTOOLS_DIR_LEN")) {
Fs.dir_len = atoui(getenv("MTOOLS_DIR_LEN"));
if(Fs.dir_len <= 0)
Fs.dir_len=0;
}
Fs.fat_len = 0;
Fs.num_fat = 2;
if(getenv("MTOOLS_NFATS")) {
Fs.num_fat = atoui(getenv("MTOOLS_NFATS"));
if(Fs.num_fat <= 0)
Fs.num_fat=2;
}
Fs.Class = &FsClass;
rate_0 = mtools_rate_0;
rate_any = mtools_rate_any;
/* get command line options */
if(helpFlag(argc, argv))
usage(0);
while ((c = getopt(argc,argv,
"i:148f:t:n:v:qub"
"kK:R:B:r:L:I:FCc:Xh:s:T:l:N:H:M:S:2:30:Aad:m:"))!= EOF) {
errno = 0;
endptr = NULL;
switch (c) {
case 'i':
set_cmd_line_image(optarg);
break;
/* standard DOS flags */
case '1':
argheads = 1;
break;
case '4':
argsectors = 9;
argtracks = 40;
break;
case '8':
argsectors = 8;
argtracks = 40;
break;
case 'f':
r=old_dos_size_to_geom(atoul(optarg),
&argtracks, &argheads,
&argsectors);
if(r) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Bad size %s\n", optarg);
exit(1);
}
break;
case 't':
argtracks = atou16(optarg);
break;
case 'T':
tot_sectors = atoui(optarg);
break;
case 'n': /*non-standard*/
case 's':
argsectors = atou16(optarg);
break;
case 'l': /* non-standard */
case 'v':
strncpy(label, optarg, VBUFSIZE-1);
label[VBUFSIZE-1] = '\0';
break;
/* flags supported by Dos but not mtools */
case 'q':
case 'u':
case 'b':
/*case 's': leave this for compatibility */
fprintf(stderr,
"Flag %c not supported by mtools\n",c);
exit(1);
/* flags added by mtools */
case 'F':
fat32 = 1;
break;
case 'S':
argssize = atou8(optarg) | 0x80;
if(argssize < 0x80)
usage(1);
if(argssize >= 0x87) {
fprintf(stderr, "argssize must be less than 6\n");
usage(1);
}
break;
#ifdef USE_XDF
case 'X':
format_xdf = 1;
break;
#endif
case '2':
arguse_2m = 0xff;
sectors0 = atou8(optarg);
break;
case '3':
arguse_2m = 0x80;
break;
case '0': /* rate on track 0 */
rate_0 = atou8(optarg);
break;
case 'A': /* rate on other tracks */
rate_any = atou8(optarg);
break;
case 'M':
msize = atoi(optarg);
if(msize != 512 &&
msize != 1024 &&
msize != 2048 &&
msize != 4096) {
fprintf(stderr, "Only sector sizes of 512, 1024, 2048 or 4096 bytes are allowed\n");
usage(1);
}
break;
case 'N':
serial = strtou32(optarg,&endptr,16);
serial_set = 1;
break;
case 'a': /* Atari style serial number */
Atari = 1;
break;
case 'C':
create = O_CREAT | O_TRUNC;
break;
case 'H':
hs = atoui(optarg);
hs_set = 1;
break;
case 'I':
fsVersion = strtoi(optarg,&endptr,0);
break;
case 'c':
Fs.cluster_size = atoui(optarg);
break;
case 'r':
Fs.dir_len = strtoui(optarg,&endptr,0);
break;
case 'L':
Fs.fat_len = strtoui(optarg,&endptr,0);
break;
case 'B':
bootSector = optarg;
break;
case 'k':
keepBoot = 1;
break;
case 'K':
backupBoot = atoui(optarg);
backupBootSet=1;
if(backupBoot < 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "Backupboot must be greater than 2\n");
exit(1);
}
break;
case 'R':
resvSects = atoui(optarg);
break;
case 'h':
argheads = atou16(optarg);
break;
case 'd':
Fs.num_fat = atoui(optarg);
break;
case 'm':
mediaDesc = strtoi(optarg,&endptr,0);
if(*endptr)
mediaDesc = strtoi(optarg,&endptr,16);
break;
default:
usage(1);
}
check_number_parse_errno(c, optarg, endptr);
}
if (argc - optind > 1)
usage(1);
if(argc - optind == 1) {
if(!argv[optind][0] || argv[optind][1] != ':')
usage(1);
drive = ch_toupper(argv[argc -1][0]);
} else {
drive = get_default_drive();
if(drive != ':') {
/* Use default drive only if it is ":" (image file), as else
it would be too dangerous... */
fprintf(stderr, "Drive letter missing\n");
exit(1);
}
}
if(argtracks && tot_sectors) {
fprintf(stderr, "Only one of -t or -T may be specified\n");
usage(1);
}
#ifdef USE_XDF
if(create && format_xdf) {
fprintf(stderr,"Create and XDF can't be used together\n");
exit(1);
}
#endif
/* check out a drive whose letter and parameters match */
sprintf(errmsg, "Drive '%c:' not supported", drive);
Fs.Direct = NULL;
blocksize = 0;
for(dev=devices;dev->drive;dev++) {
FREE(&(Fs.Direct));
/* drive letter */
if (dev->drive != drive)
continue;
used_dev = *dev;
SET_INT(used_dev.tracks, argtracks);
SET_INT(used_dev.heads, argheads);
SET_INT(used_dev.sectors, argsectors);
SET_INT(used_dev.use_2m, arguse_2m);
SET_INT(used_dev.ssize, argssize);
if(hs_set)
used_dev.hidden = hs;
expand(dev->name, name);
#ifdef USING_NEW_VOLD
strcpy(name, getVoldName(dev, name));
#endif
#ifdef USE_XDF
if(!format_xdf) {
#endif
Fs.Direct = 0;
#ifdef USE_FLOPPYD
Fs.Direct = FloppydOpen(&used_dev, name,
O_RDWR | create,
errmsg, &maxSize);
#endif
if(!Fs.Direct) {
Fs.Direct = SimpleFileOpen(&used_dev, dev, name,
O_RDWR | create,
errmsg, 0, 1,
&maxSize);
}
#ifdef USE_XDF
} else {
used_dev.misc_flags |= USE_XDF_FLAG;
Fs.Direct = XdfOpen(&used_dev, name, O_RDWR,
errmsg, &info);
if(Fs.Direct && !Fs.fat_len)
Fs.fat_len = info.FatSize;
if(Fs.Direct && !Fs.dir_len)
Fs.dir_len = info.RootDirSize;
}
#endif
if (!Fs.Direct)
continue;
#ifdef OS_linux
if ((!used_dev.tracks || !used_dev.heads || !used_dev.sectors) &&
(!IS_SCSI(dev))) {
int fd= get_fd(Fs.Direct);
struct MT_STAT stbuf;
if (MT_FSTAT(fd, &stbuf) < 0) {
sprintf(errmsg, "Could not stat file (%s)", strerror(errno));
continue;
}
if (S_ISBLK(stbuf.st_mode))
/* If the following get_block_geom fails, do not
* continue to next drive description, but allow
* get_lba_geom to kick in
*/
get_block_geom(fd, &used_dev, errmsg);
}
#endif
if ((!used_dev.tracks && !tot_sectors) ||
!used_dev.heads || !used_dev.sectors){
if (get_lba_geom(Fs.Direct, tot_sectors, &used_dev,
errmsg) < 0) {
sprintf(errmsg, "%s: "
"Complete geometry of the disk "
"was not specified, \n"
"neither in /etc/mtools.conf nor "
"on the command line. \n"
"LBA Assist Translation for "
"calculating CHS geometry "
"of the disk failed.\n", argv[0]);
continue;
}
}
#if 0
/* set parameters, if needed */
if(SET_GEOM(Fs.Direct, &used_dev, 0xf0, boot)){
sprintf(errmsg,"Can't set disk parameters: %s",
strerror(errno));
continue;
}
#endif
Fs.sector_size = 512;
if( !(used_dev.use_2m & 0x7f)) {
Fs.sector_size = 128 << (used_dev.ssize & 0x7f);
}
SET_INT(Fs.sector_size, msize);
{
unsigned int j;
for(j = 0; j < 31; j++) {
if (Fs.sector_size == (unsigned int) (1 << j)) {
Fs.sectorShift = j;
break;
}
}
Fs.sectorMask = Fs.sector_size - 1;
}
if(!used_dev.blocksize || used_dev.blocksize < Fs.sector_size)
blocksize = Fs.sector_size;
else
blocksize = used_dev.blocksize;
if(blocksize > MAX_SECTOR)
blocksize = MAX_SECTOR;
/* do a "test" read */
if (!create &&
READS(Fs.Direct, &boot.characters, 0, Fs.sector_size) !=
(signed int) Fs.sector_size) {
#ifdef HAVE_SNPRINTF
snprintf(errmsg, sizeof(errmsg)-1,
"Error reading from '%s', wrong parameters?",
name);
#else
sprintf(errmsg,
"Error reading from '%s', wrong parameters?",
name);
#endif
continue;
}
break;
}
/* print error msg if needed */
if ( dev->drive == 0 ){
FREE(&Fs.Direct);
fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s\n", argv[0],errmsg);
exit(1);
}
/* calculate the total number of sectors */
if(tot_sectors == 0) {
unsigned long sect_per_track = used_dev.heads*used_dev.sectors;
tot_sectors = used_dev.tracks*sect_per_track - used_dev.hidden%sect_per_track;
/* Number of sectors must fit into 32bit value */
if (tot_sectors > 0xFFFFFFFF) {
fprintf(stderr, "Too many sectors\n");
exit(1);
}
}
/* create the image file if needed */
if (create) {
WRITES(Fs.Direct, &boot.characters,
sectorsToBytes((Stream_t*)&Fs, tot_sectors-1),
Fs.sector_size);
}
/* the boot sector */
if(bootSector) {
int fd;
fd = open(bootSector, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY | O_LARGEFILE);
if(fd < 0) {
perror("open boot sector");
exit(1);
}
if(read(fd, &boot.bytes, blocksize) < blocksize) {
perror("short read on boot sector");
exit(1);
}
keepBoot = 1;
close(fd);
}
if(!keepBoot && !(used_dev.use_2m & 0x7f))
memset(boot.characters, '\0', Fs.sector_size);
set_dword(boot.boot.nhs, used_dev.hidden);
Fs.Next = buf_init(Fs.Direct,
blocksize * used_dev.heads * used_dev.sectors,
blocksize * used_dev.heads * used_dev.sectors,
blocksize);
Fs.Buffer = 0;
boot.boot.nfat = Fs.num_fat;
if(!keepBoot)
set_word(&boot.bytes[510], 0xaa55);
/* Initialize the remaining parameters */
set_word(boot.boot.nsect, used_dev.sectors);
set_word(boot.boot.nheads, used_dev.heads);
used_dev.fat_bits = comp_fat_bits(&Fs,used_dev.fat_bits, tot_sectors, fat32);
if(!keepBoot && !(used_dev.use_2m & 0x7f)) {
if(!used_dev.partition) {
/* install fake partition table pointing to itself */
struct partition *partTable=(struct partition *)
(&boot.bytes[0x1ae]);
setBeginEnd(&partTable[1], 0,
used_dev.heads * used_dev.sectors *
used_dev.tracks,
used_dev.heads, used_dev.sectors, 1, 0,
used_dev.fat_bits);
}
}
if(used_dev.fat_bits == 32) {
Fs.primaryFat = 0;
Fs.writeAllFats = 1;
if(resvSects) {
if(resvSects < 3) {
fprintf(stderr,
"For FAT 32, reserved sectors need to be at least 3\n");
resvSects = 32;
}
if(resvSects <= backupBoot && !backupBootSet)
backupBoot = resvSects - 1;
Fs.fat_start = resvSects;
} else
Fs.fat_start = 32;
if(Fs.fat_start <= backupBoot) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Reserved sectors (%d) must be more than backupBoot (%d)\n", Fs.fat_start, backupBoot);
backupBoot = 6;
Fs.fat_start = 32;
}
calc_fs_parameters_32(tot_sectors, &Fs, &boot);
Fs.clus_start = Fs.num_fat * Fs.fat_len + Fs.fat_start;
/* extension flags: mirror fats, and use #0 as primary */
set_word(boot.boot.ext.fat32.extFlags,0);
/* fs version. What should go here? */
set_word(boot.boot.ext.fat32.fsVersion,fsVersion);
/* root directory */
set_dword(boot.boot.ext.fat32.rootCluster, Fs.rootCluster = 2);
/* info sector */
set_word(boot.boot.ext.fat32.infoSector, Fs.infoSectorLoc = 1);
Fs.infoSectorLoc = 1;
/* no backup boot sector */
set_word(boot.boot.ext.fat32.backupBoot, backupBoot);
labelBlock = & boot.boot.ext.fat32.labelBlock;
} else {
Fs.infoSectorLoc = 0;
if(resvSects) {
if(resvSects < 1) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Reserved sectors need to be at least 1\n");
resvSects = 1;
}
Fs.fat_start = resvSects;
} else
Fs.fat_start = 1;
calc_fs_parameters(&used_dev, tot_sectors, &Fs, &boot);
Fs.dir_start = Fs.num_fat * Fs.fat_len + Fs.fat_start;
Fs.clus_start = Fs.dir_start + Fs.dir_len;
labelBlock = & boot.boot.ext.old.labelBlock;
}
/* Set the codepage */
Fs.cp = cp_open(used_dev.codepage);
if(Fs.cp == NULL)
exit(1);
if (!keepBoot)
/* only zero out physdrive if we don't have a template
* bootsector */
labelBlock->physdrive = 0x00;
labelBlock->reserved = 0;
labelBlock->dos4 = 0x29;
if (!serial_set || Atari)
init_random();
if (!serial_set)
serial=(uint32_t) random();
set_dword(labelBlock->serial, serial);
label_name_pc(GET_DOSCONVERT((Stream_t *)&Fs),
label[0] ? label : "NO NAME ", 0,
&mangled, &shortlabel);
strncpy(labelBlock->label, shortlabel.base, 8);
strncpy(labelBlock->label+8, shortlabel.ext, 3);
sprintf(labelBlock->fat_type, "FAT%2.2d ", Fs.fat_bits);
labelBlock->fat_type[7] = ' ';
set_word(boot.boot.secsiz, Fs.sector_size);
boot.boot.clsiz = (unsigned char) Fs.cluster_size;
set_word(boot.boot.nrsvsect, Fs.fat_start);
bootOffset = init_geometry_boot(&boot, &used_dev, sectors0,
rate_0, rate_any,
&tot_sectors, keepBoot);
if(!bootOffset) {
bootOffset = ((unsigned char *) labelBlock) - boot.bytes +
sizeof(struct label_blk_t);
}
if(Atari) {
boot.boot.banner[4] = 0;
boot.boot.banner[5] = (char) random();
boot.boot.banner[6] = (char) random();
boot.boot.banner[7] = (char) random();
}
if(!keepBoot)
inst_boot_prg(&boot, bootOffset);
/* Mimic 3.8 behavior, else 2m disk do not work (???)
* luferbu@fluidsignal.com (Luis Bustamante), Fri, 14 Jun 2002
*/
if(used_dev.use_2m & 0x7f) {
boot.boot.jump[0] = 0xeb;
boot.boot.jump[1] = 0x80;
boot.boot.jump[2] = 0x90;
}
if(used_dev.use_2m & 0x7f)
Fs.num_fat = 1;
if(mediaDesc != -1)
boot.boot.descr=mediaDesc;
Fs.lastFatSectorNr = 0;
Fs.lastFatSectorData = 0;
zero_fat(&Fs, boot.boot.descr);
Fs.freeSpace = Fs.num_clus;
Fs.last = 2;
#ifdef USE_XDF
if(format_xdf)
for(i=0;
i < (info.BadSectors+Fs.cluster_size-1)/Fs.cluster_size;
i++)
fatEncode(&Fs, i+2, 0xfff7);
#endif
format_root(&Fs, label, &boot);
WRITES((Stream_t *)&Fs, boot.characters,
(mt_off_t) 0, Fs.sector_size);
if(used_dev.fat_bits == 32) {
WRITES((Stream_t *)&Fs, boot.characters,
(mt_off_t) backupBoot * Fs.sector_size, Fs.sector_size);
}
if(Fs.fat_bits == 32 && WORD_S(ext.fat32.backupBoot) != MAX16) {
WRITES((Stream_t *)&Fs, boot.characters,
sectorsToBytes((Stream_t*)&Fs,
WORD_S(ext.fat32.backupBoot)),
Fs.sector_size);
}
FLUSH((Stream_t *)&Fs); /* flushes Fs.
* This triggers the writing of the FAT */
FREE(&Fs.Next);
Fs.Class->freeFunc((Stream_t *)&Fs);
#ifdef USE_XDF
if(format_xdf && isatty(0) && !getenv("MTOOLS_USE_XDF"))
fprintf(stderr,
"Note:\n"
"Remember to set the \"MTOOLS_USE_XDF\" environmental\n"
"variable before accessing this disk\n\n"
"Bourne shell syntax (sh, ash, bash, ksh, zsh etc):\n"
" export MTOOLS_USE_XDF=1\n\n"
"C shell syntax (csh and tcsh):\n"
" setenv MTOOLS_USE_XDF 1\n" );
#endif
exit(0);
}