You can not select more than 25 topics Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.

299 lines
9.9 KiB

// Copyright 2014 The Android Open Source Project
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
#pragma once
#include "android/base/Optional.h"
#include "android/base/TypeTraits.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
namespace android {
namespace base {
// A StringView is a simple (address, size) pair that points to an
// existing read-only string. It's a convenience class used to prevent
// the creation of std::string() objects un-necessarily.
//
// Consider the two following functions:
//
// size_t count1(const std::string& str) {
// size_t count = 0;
// for (size_t n = 0; n < str.size(); ++n) {
// if (str[n] == '1') {
// count++;
// }
// }
// return count;
// }
//
// size_t count2(const StringView& str) {
// size_t count = 0;
// for (size_t n = 0; n < str.size(); ++n) {
// if (str[n] == '2') {
// count++;
// }
// }
// return count;
// }
//
// Then consider the following calls:
//
// size_t n1 = count1("There is 1 one in this string!");
// size_t n2 = count2("I can count 2 too");
//
// In the first case, the compiler will silently create a temporary
// std::string object, copy the input string into it (allocating memory in
// the heap), call count1() and destroy the std::string upon its return.
//
// In the second case, the compiler will create a temporary StringView,
// initialize it trivially before calling count2(), this results in
// much less generated code, as well as better performance.
//
// Generally speaking, always use a reference or pointer to StringView
// instead of a std::string if your function or method doesn't need to modify
// its input.
//
class StringView {
public:
constexpr StringView() : mString(""), mSize(0U) {}
constexpr StringView(const StringView& other) :
mString(other.data()), mSize(other.size()) {}
// IMPORTANT: all StringView constructors are intentionally not explict
// it is needed to allow seamless creation of StringView from all types
// of strings around - as it's intended to be a generic string wrapper
// A constexpr constructor from a constant buffer, initializing |mSize|
// as well. This allows one to declare a static const StringView instance
// and initialize it at compile time, with no runtime overhead:
//
// static constexpr StringView message = "blah";
//
template <size_t size>
constexpr StringView(const char (&buf)[size]) :
mString(buf), mSize(size - 1) {}
// Ctor for non-const arrays, AKA buffers. These usually contain some
// string formatted at runtime, so call strlen() instead of using the
// buffer size.
template <size_t size>
constexpr StringView(char (&buf)[size]) :
mString(buf), mSize(strlen(buf)) {}
// Constructor from a const char pointer. It has to be templated to make
// sure the array-based one is chosen for an array - otherwise non-templated
// overload always wins
// Note: the parameter type is a const reference to a const pointer. This
// is to make this overload a poorer choice for the case of an array. For
// the 'const char[]' argument both 'reference to an array' and 'pointer'
// overloads are tied, so compiler can't choose without help
// Note2: for all constructors and set() calls, |end| must be
// dereferencable. It is notrequired to be '\0', but there has to be some
// data there. One may not construct a StringView passing past-the-end
// iterator as |end|! StringView will try to dereference it.
template <class Char, class = enable_if<std::is_same<Char, char>>>
constexpr StringView(const Char* const & string) :
mString(string ? string : ""), mSize(string ? strlen(string) : 0) {}
StringView(const std::string& str) :
mString(str.c_str()), mSize(str.size()) {}
constexpr StringView(const char* str, size_t len)
: mString(str ? str : ""), mSize(len) {}
constexpr StringView(const char* begin, const char* end)
: mString(begin ? begin : ""), mSize(begin ? end - begin : 0) {}
constexpr StringView(std::nullptr_t) :
mString(""), mSize(0) {}
std::string str() const { return std::string(mString, mString + mSize); }
constexpr const char* data() const { return mString; }
constexpr size_t size() const { return mSize; }
typedef const char* iterator;
typedef const char* const_iterator;
constexpr const_iterator begin() const { return mString; }
constexpr const_iterator end() const { return mString + mSize; }
constexpr bool empty() const { return !size(); }
constexpr bool isNullTerminated() const { return *end() == '\0'; }
void clear() {
mSize = 0;
mString = "";
}
constexpr char operator[](size_t index) const {
return mString[index];
}
void set(const char* data, size_t len) {
mString = data ? data : "";
mSize = len;
}
void set(const char* str) {
mString = str ? str : "";
mSize = ::strlen(mString);
}
void set(const StringView& other) {
mString = other.mString;
mSize = other.mSize;
}
// Compare with another StringView.
int compare(const StringView& other) const;
StringView& operator=(const StringView& other) {
set(other);
return *this;
}
// find() first occurrence of |other| with an initial offset.
// Returns absolute offset (does not include |off|).
size_t find(StringView other, size_t off = 0) {
// Trivial case
if (!other.mSize) return 0;
size_t safeOff = std::min(off, mSize);
const char* searchStart = mString + safeOff;
const char* searchEnd = searchStart + mSize - safeOff;
const char* res =
std::search(searchStart, searchEnd,
other.mString, other.mString + other.mSize);
if (res == searchEnd) return std::string::npos;
return (size_t)((uintptr_t)res - (uintptr_t)mString);
}
// getSubstr(); returns this string starting at the first place |other|
// occurs, otherwise a blank string.
StringView getSubstr(StringView other, size_t off = 0) {
size_t loc = find(other, off);
if (loc == std::string::npos) return StringView("");
return { mString + loc, end() };
}
// Returns substring starting at |begin| and running for |len|,
// or the rest of the string if |len| is std::string::npos.
StringView substr(size_t begin, size_t len = std::string::npos) {
if (len == std::string::npos) {
len = mSize - begin;
}
size_t safeOff = std::min(begin, mSize);
size_t safeLen = std::min(len, mSize - safeOff);
return { mString + safeOff, safeLen };
}
// Returns substring starting at |begin| ending at |end|,
// or the rest of the string if |end is std::string::npos.
StringView substrAbs(size_t begin, size_t end = std::string::npos) {
if (end == std::string::npos) {
end = begin + mSize;
}
return substr(begin, end - begin);
}
// Convert to std::string when needed.
operator std::string() const { return std::string(mString, mSize); }
private:
const char* mString;
size_t mSize;
};
// Comparison operators. Defined as functions to allow automatic type
// conversions with C strings and std::string objects.
bool operator==(const StringView& x, const StringView& y);
inline bool operator!=(const StringView& x, const StringView& y) {
return !(x == y);
}
inline bool operator<(const StringView& x, const StringView& y) {
return x.compare(y) < 0;
}
inline bool operator>=(const StringView& x, const StringView& y) {
return !(x < y);
}
inline bool operator >(const StringView& x, const StringView& y) {
return x.compare(y) > 0;
}
inline bool operator<=(const StringView& x, const StringView& y) {
return !(x > y);
}
// Helper to get a null-terminated const char* from a string view.
// Only allocates if the StringView is not null terminated.
//
// Usage:
//
// StringView myString = ...;
// printf("Contents: %s\n", c_str(myString));
//
// c_str(...) constructs a temporary object that may allocate memory if the
// StringView is not null termianted. The lifetime of the temporary object will
// be until the next sequence point (typically the next semicolon). If the
// value needs to exist for longer than that, cache the instance.
//
// StringView myString = ...;
// auto myNullTerminatedString = c_str(myString);
// functionAcceptingConstCharPointer(myNullTerminatedString);
//
class CStrWrapper {
public:
CStrWrapper(StringView stringView) : mStringView(stringView) {}
// Returns a null-terminated char*, potentially creating a copy to add a
// null terminator.
const char* get() {
if (mStringView.isNullTerminated()) {
return mStringView.data();
} else {
// Create the std::string copy on-demand.
if (!mStringCopy) {
mStringCopy.emplace(mStringView.str());
}
return mStringCopy->c_str();
}
}
// Enable casting to const char*
operator const char*() { return get(); }
private:
const StringView mStringView;
Optional<std::string> mStringCopy;
};
inline CStrWrapper c_str(StringView stringView) {
return CStrWrapper(stringView);
}
} // namespace base
} // namespace android